Gasar Duniya da aka faɗaɗa zuwa ƙungiyoyi 48 ta kawo rararrakin cin karo, inda ƙasashe masu ƙarancin matsayi suka ɗauko maki daga manyan ƙasashe a gasar. Cape Verde, Curaçao, Ghana, da South Africa — a matsayi na 64, 81, 65, da 54 a duniya bi da bi — kowannensu ya samu sakamako mai ma'ana a kan Spain, Ecuador, England, da South Korea. Wadannan ba abubuwa na sa'a ba ne. Bincike mai zurfi na wasannin ya bayyana tsarin dabarun da suka yi kama, wanda ke taimaka wajen fahimtar yadda ƙananan ƙasashe ke yin gogayya a wannan matakin.

Ƙin faɗawa cikin tarkon

Daidaici 0-0 tsakanin Cape Verde da Spain — mai matsayi na uku a duniya — yana iya ɗaukar taken mafi kyawun aiki na dabarun a gasar har yanzu. Ƙaramin ƙasa na uku mafi ƙarami a tarihin Gasar Duniya ta yi amfani da tsarin 4-5-1 mai ƙa'ida, tare da sararin da ke tsakanin layukan tsakiya da kare ya zama ƙasa sosai.

Lokacin da Spain ta buga ƙwallon baya da nufin jawo 'yan tsakiyar Cape Verde su tashi gaba, Cape Verde ta ƙi. Tsarinsu ya kasance mai ƙarfi. Lokacin da masu tsaron Spain suka ɗauki ƙwallon gaba domin jawo martani, Cape Verde sun sake rike matsayinsu har zuwa ƙarshe. Bayan Spain ta kasa shiga cikin tarin, kawai ta kasance da zaɓin kai hari ta gefen ko sama da abokan hamayya.

Ghana ta yi amfani da wannan dabara iri ɗaya a kan England. Jordan Ayew ya bi Elliot Anderson a saman filin wasa, amma sauran Ghana sun zauna a layuka biyu masu tsari a wajen yankin kaya — da gangan sun zabi kasancewa a baya.

Lambobin sun bayyana wannan a fili. PPDA — adadin wutsiyoyin abokan hamayya da aka yarda da su ga kowane aiki na kare — yana auna yadda ƙungiya ke matse aboki. Mafi girman lamba, ƙarancin katse. Cape Verde ta samu PPDA na 51.2 a wasanta da Spain; na Spain kawai 5.9. A mintuna 15 na farko na wasan Ghana da England, PPDA ta Ghana ta kai 62. Ƙungiyoyin biyu sun zaɓi barin mallakar ƙwallon kusan gaba ɗaya.

Abin lura shi ne duka Ghana da Cape Verde sun ƙara matse aboki a ƙarshen wasanninsu — canji da aka yi da hikima don neman nasara maimakon gamsuwa da maki ɗaya.

Rufe faɗin filin wasa

Ba duk dabarun kare iri ɗaya ne, kuma shan kashi na Saudi Arabia a hannun Spain ya nuna abin da zai iya faruwa lokacin da ba a aiwatar da tsarin yadda ya kamata. Duk da kasancewa da masu kare biyar, tsarin Saudi Arabia ya rasa bayyanar kai. Masu tsakiya huɗu sun koma zuwa gefen ƙwallon fiye da yadda ya kamata, suna barin gefe ɗaya a buɗe.

Spain ta ci gaba da amfani da wannan ta hanyar canza ƙwallon daga hagu zuwa dama. Lamine Yamal da Pedro Porro sun sami kansu a yanayin biyu a kan ɗaya a kan ɗan wasan gefen Saudi Arabia a kai a kai. Porro, babu mai tsare shi kuma yana da lokaci, ya yi ƙetarewa zuwa gungumen baya — wata motsi da ta kai kai tsaye ga kwallon uku na Mikel Oyarzabal.

Sweden ta sha wahala iri ɗaya a hannun Netherlands a shan kashi na 5-1. Da kawai masu tsakiya uku a tsarin 5-3-2, rufe faɗinsu ya fi na Saudi Arabia ƙaranci. Denzel Dumfries ya yi ci gaba sau da yawa daga matsayi mai zurfi wanda masu tsakiya uku na Sweden ba su iya sarrafa su. Sweden ta samu wani gyarawa ɗan ƙarami kawai bayan ta canza zuwa 4-5-1 — tsarin da ya yi wa Cape Verde da Ghana aiki sosai.

Jawo matse sannan a buga dogon wutsiya

Tafiyar ƙwallon da hankali kuma ta bambanta mafi kyawun ayyukan ƙungiyoyin ƙasa da matsayi. South Africa ta harbi sau 14 a kan sau bakwai na South Korea duk da kasancewa da kashi 31 na mallakar ƙwallon — sakamakon gina harin da aka yi da nufin da tsarin, ba duka dogayen harbe-harbe mara ma'ana daga mai tsaron raga ba.

Cape Verde, Iraq, da South Africa duk sun yi amfani da ƙagaggun bugun kwallon gida gajera don jawo abokan hamayya masu matse sama, kafin a ɗauko ƙwallon zuwa ƙungiyoyi na 'yan wasa a sarari. Ta hanyar sanya 'yan wasa da tazara mai yawa tsakaninsu, sun tilasta abokan hamayya su gudu dama-dama kafin su kusa da wanda ke da ƙwallon — suna samar da lokaci ga masu tsaro su fitar da ƙwallon zuwa 'yan tsakiya da masu kai hari a sarari.

Wannan dabarar ta ƙunshi hadari. South Africa ta ci kogi a kan Mexico, da kuma Iraq a kan Norway, bayan sun rasa ƙwallon a yankuna masu haɗari a lokacin ginin harin. Amma ƙasashen biyu sun kuma ƙirƙira dama da yawa na kyau, kuma mafi kyawun ayyukan ƙarshe da za su iya canza labarin wasannin.

Lokacin da South Korea ta matse South Africa sama, Bafana Bafana sun rike ka'idodinsu, sun buga gaba da daidaici, kuma sun ci kwallon da ya kai su zuwa zagaye na gaba.

Ɗan jin daɗin ƙwarewar mutum ɗaya

Dabara ita kaɗai ba ta iya lashe wasanni. Vozinha, mai tsaron raga na Cape Verde mai shekara 40, ya yi wani babban aiki na dakatar da harbe-harbe a kan Spain wanda ya ɗaure zukata na magoya baya a duk faɗin duniya. Eloy Room na Curaçao ya yi ceto 15 a kan Ecuador — ya daidaita rikodin Gasar Duniya na mafi yawan ceto a wasa guda — don taimakawa ƙasarsa samun maki na farko a gasar.

Tsarin dabarun zai iya ƙoƙarin rufe tazara tsakanin manyan ƙasashe da ƙananan ƙungiyoyi. Amma a gasar Duniya, 'yan wasa kuma suna ganin suna gano albarkatun aiki da ba su sani sun da su — kuma wannan haɗuwar shirye-shirye da wahayi ne ke sa wannan gasar ta zama mai ban sha'awa sosai.